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2,144 records

Daniel, M.
Person · entity page
(1901–1940), Yiddish prose writer and playwright. Born in Dvinsk (mod. Daugavpils), Latvia, M. Daniel (born Mordekhai [Mark] Meyerovitsh) lived in several places as a child, and then was employed as a worker, clerk, and …
yivo
Daniel’, Iulii Markovich
Person · entity page
(1925–1968), fiction writer, poet, translator, and Soviet dissident. Born in Moscow, Daniel’ went from school directly to the front lines of World War II, where he was wounded and demobilized. Upon his return, he graduat…
yivo
Danzig, Avraham ben Yeḥi’el Mikhl
Person · entity page
(1748–1820), halakhic authority and author. Born in Gdańsk (Danzig), Avraham Danzig studied in Prague with, among others, Rabbi Yeḥezkel Landau. Danzig married and moved to Vilna, where he worked in business and refused …
yivo
Daugavpils
Place · entity page
(Rus. and Yid., Dvinsk; Ger., Dünaburg; among Jews, also called Dinaburg), largest town in southeastern Latvia. Daugavpils, founded in the thirteenth century, became a district capital in the nineteenth century. Jews set…
yivo
David ben Shemu’el ha-Levi
Person · entity page
(Taz; 1586–1667), rabbi, author, and head of yeshiva. The life of David ben Shemu’el ha-Levi, better known as Taz (after the initial letters of his Ture zahav [Rows of Gold], commentary upon the Shulḥan ‘arukh), spanned …
yivo
David Gintsburg
Subject · entity page
yivo
Dawidsohn, Ḥayim
Person · entity page
(1760–1854), merchant, leading member of the Warsaw Jewish community, and its chief rabbi. Ḥayim Dawidsohn was born in Pińczów and, after the death of his father, grew up at the home of the wealthy Tsentseminer family, W…
yivo
Death and the Dead
Subject · entity page
There is a shared foundation in all of Jewish culture with respect to death, the primary and most influential principle of which concerns the impurity of the dead. From this belief derives the need to distance the dead f…
yivo
Debrecen
Place · entity page
Town in Hungary, home to one of Hungary’s largest Jewish communities. Jews began settling legally in Debrecen, “the Calvinist Rome of Hungary,” after the Diet adopted Act Thirty-Nine of 1840, permitting Jews to settle in…
yivo
Debts, Communal
Subject · entity page
Jewish public bodies (communal and supracommunal councils) accumulated enormous debts running into hundreds of thousands of Polish zlotys in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries and were unique to the Polish–Lithuani…
yivo
Defining the Shtetl
Subject · entity page
yivo
Dej
Place · entity page
Salt-mining town in northwestern Romania, on the Someş River 60 km northeast of Cluj. The first documented reference to Dej (Ger, Desch; Hun., Dés) dates to 1061. After legislation in 1693–1700 had prohibited Jews from s…
yivo
Dembitzer, Ḥayim Natan
Person · entity page
(1820–1892), Orthodox community leader, religious court judge, and chronicler. Ḥayim Natan Dembitzer was born in Kraków, where he served from 1849 as a dayan (religious court judge) and magid (preacher); by 1856 he was a…
yivo
Demographic Structure
Subject · entity page
yivo
Demons
Subject · entity page
In East European Jewish culture, the demon—variously referred to as ruaḥ (spirit), mazik (evildoer), ḥitson (the external one), and shed (demonic spirit)—embodied forces of evil. Jews imagined demons as various sorts of …
yivo
Der Nister
Person · entity page
(“The Hidden One”; pseud. of Pinkhes Kahanovitsh; 1884–1950), Yiddish writer. Der Nister was born in Berdichev, Ukraine, where he received a traditional Jewish education. In his adolescence he began reading Russian liter…
yivo
Diamand, Herman
Person · entity page
(1860–1930), socialist, editor, publisher, and parliamentarian. Born in Lwów to a middle-class Jewish family, Herman Diamand attended a modern Jewish primary school. After completing Realschule (a modern German secondary…
yivo
Dickstein, Samuel
Person · entity page
(1851–1939), mathematician, pedagogue, and historian of science. One of the leading intellectuals in Congress Poland, Samuel Dickstein was born in Warsaw and was an activist in the assimilationist movement. From 1884 to …
yivo
Dickstein, Szymon
Person · entity page
(1858–1884), early Polish socialist, writer, and editor. Szymon Dickstein, who used the pseudonym Jan Młot, was born in Warsaw to a lower middle-class Jewish family. In 1872, he completed gymnasium and then studied medic…
yivo
Dik, Ayzik Meyer
Person · entity page
(1807/14?–1893), the first professional and best-selling Yiddish author. Born in Vilna, Ayzik Meyer Dik (generally known by his pseudonym Amad) received a traditional Jewish education and married young, settling in the L…
yivo