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2,144 records

Purim-shpil
Subject · entity page
A skit or monologue performed, usually in the vernacular, in a domestic setting at the festive Purim family meal. The celebration of Purim, the Festival of Lots, is based on the biblical Scroll (Megilah) of Esther, which…
yivo
Pápa
Place · entity page
City in Veszprém county, Hungary. In the first half of the nineteenth century, Pápa was home to one of the largest and most important Jewish communities in Hungary. Situated favorably at the crossroads between north and …
yivo
Rabbinic Culture and Institutions
Subject · entity page
yivo
Rabbinowitz, Sha’ul Pinḥas
Person · entity page
(1845–1910), scholar, translator, and Zionist activist. Sha’ul (Saul) Pinḥas Rabbinowitz, known also by the acronym Shefer (after his initials), was born in Taurage, in the Kaunas (Kovno) district of Lithuania. He spent …
yivo
Rabin, Yoysef
Person · entity page
(1900–1987), Yiddish writer. Born in Grodno, Yoysef Rabin moved to Vilna in 1915 and studied at an evening school. As the leader of the underground Vilna Komsomol organization, he fled in 1920 to Moscow, where he worked …
yivo
Rabinovich, Osip Aronovich
Person · entity page
(1817–1869), writer and editor. Osip Rabinovich, who came from a Russified family, studied at Kharkov University before becoming a notary in Odessa. In the latter city, he published a Russian translation of a Hebrew poem…
yivo
Rabinovich, Yitsḥak Ya‘akov
Person · entity page
(1854–1919), yeshiva head and rabbinic scholar. Yitsḥak Ya‘akov Rabinovich (Reb Itsele Ponevezher) was born in Shereshevo, Belorussia, the son of a wealthy merchant. After receiving private instruction in Talmud, at the …
yivo
Rabinovitz, Aleksander Ziskind
Person · entity page
(1854–1945), Hebrew writer. Aleksander Ziskind Rabinovitz (known as Azar) was born in Liady, in the Mogilev district, to a poor family. Although he received a comprehensive Talmudic education, as an adolescent he grew ac…
yivo
Rabinowicz, Oskar K.
Person · entity page
(1902–1969), educator, journalist, and Zionist politician. Oskar Rabinowicz was born in Aspern, Austria, but was raised in Boskovice, Moravia. His father, a Hebrew teacher and cantor, had grown up in the household of the…
yivo
Rabinowitz, Ya‘akov
Person · entity page
(1874–1948), Hebrew, Yiddish, and German writer. Ya‘akov Rabinowitz was born in Volkovysk, Russia (now Belarus). After receiving a traditional education at heder and a yeshiva, he studied secular topics and taught in Vit…
yivo
Rabinowitz-Te’omim, Eliyahu David ben Binyamin
Person · entity page
(1842/43–1905), rabbi in Lithuania and Jerusalem. Eliyahu Rabinowitz-Te’omim was born in Pikeln (Lith., Pikeliai), in western Lithuania. His father, Binyamin Rabinowitz (1813–1869), served as a rabbi in several Lithuania…
yivo
Rabon, Yisroel
Person · entity page
(1900–1941), Yiddish author. Yisroel Rabon (orig. Rubin) was born in Gowarchów but grew up in Balut, a working-class suburb of Łódź. He had little formal education but read voraciously, acquiring a broad literary knowled…
yivo
Race Science
Subject · entity page
Nineteenth- and early twentieth-century term for physical anthropology, or the study of human difference, with scientists proceeding from the common assumption that Europeans were racially superior to non-European people…
yivo
Rachmilewitz, Naḥman
Person · entity page
(1876–1941), politician and public figure. Naḥman Rachmilewitz (Nachmanas Rachmilevičius) was born in Volkovysk, close to Hrodna (now in Belarus). In 1896, he graduated from classical secondary school in Bensheim, south …
yivo
Radek, Karl
Person · entity page
(1885–1939), international revolutionary activist and publicist. Born in Lwów, Karl Radek (originally surnamed Sobel’son) grew up in Tarnów, in his mother’s family, where the German culture was dominant. In gymnasium he …
yivo
Radnóti, Miklós
Person · entity page
(1910–1944), poet and translator. Considered one of the great Hungarian poets of the twentieth century, Miklós Radnóti was born Miklós Glatter, of Jewish parents, although he remained indifferent toward his Jewish roots …
yivo
Radom
Place · entity page
City in the Mazovia province of southeast Poland, established in about 1350. A reference to a “Jewish” street in the town comes from documents dated 1567. In 1724, a Jew was accused of blasphemy and burned at the stake, …
yivo
Radomsk Hasidic Dynasty
Organisation · entity page
The Hasidic dynasty of Radomsk (Radomsko) dates from 1843, when the town’s communal rabbi, Shelomoh ha-Kohen Rabinowicz (Rabinovich; 1803–1866; appointed rabbi in 1834), began to conduct himself as a Hasidic rebbe. Rabin…
yivo
Rafalovich, Artur Germanovich
Person · entity page
(1853–1921), economist and financial agent for the Russian government. Although Artur Rafalovich was born and raised in Odessa, he lived in France from the 1880s on, where he wrote a series of economic studies. His analy…
yivo
Rafes, Moyshe
Person · entity page
(Moisei Grigor’evich; 1883–1942), public and political figure active in the Bund and Evsektsiia. Born in Vilna into a family of wine merchants, Moyshe Rafes first attended heder, then a Russian primary school, and passed…
yivo