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826 entity pages
Yiddish Prose (Prose)
A new genre of fiction in the Yiddish language (the term modern Yiddish literature can mislead) emerged in the first half of the nineteenth century, lagging somewhat behind innovations in drama and other literary genres.…
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Yiddish Talkies
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Yiddish Theater (Theater)
In premodern times, a variety of performers, including cantors, preachers, jesters, and instrumental musicians, engaged Jewish audiences. Amateur companies known as purim-shpilers staged skits around the holiday of Purim…
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Yidishe Shprakh, Di
Yiddish linguistic journal published in Kiev from 1927 to 1930. A bimonthly journal, Di yidishe shprakh (The Yiddish Language) was published by the cooperative publishing house Kultur-lige and was the main philological p…
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Yikhes
In Eastern Europe, the concept of yikhes evolved from a narrow biological meaning of lineage or genealogy to a prestigious trait that could be acquired through marriage based on scholarly merit, wealth, or political stat…
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Youth Movements
Jewish youth movements in Eastern Europe, particularly in the interwar period, achieved extraordinary strength, numbers, and influence as a result of a number of interelated contemporaneous factors, in addition to the pa…
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Youth Movements outside Poland
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Yudishe Togblat, Dos
Orthodox daily published in Warsaw from 20 September 1929 until World War II. Dos yudishe togblat (The Jewish Daily) succeeded where previous attempts to publish an Orthodox daily in Poland had failed. One reason for the…
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Yudishe Velt, Di
Literary journal edited by Shmuel Niger and published in Vilna by Boris Kletskin from January 1913 until April 1915. Di yudishe velt (in modern orthography, Di yidishe velt; The Jewish World) was considered the most infl…
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Yugnt
Youth movement of the Left Po‘ale Tsiyon Party, literally meaning youth in Yiddish. Founded in 1904 in Galicia, Yugnt worked in parallel with two organizations: the student youth organization Frayer Shoymer (The Free Sco…
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Yung-Vilne
(Young Vilna) was a dynamic Yiddish literary group of writers, poets, and artists who came of age creatively in Vilna in the 1930s. The group was officially established on 11 October 1929 by Zalmen Reyzen, editor of the …
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Zeitlin Family
(Yid., Tseytlin), prominent writers and intellectuals in prewar Poland. The father, Hillel Zeitlin (1871–1942), was a thinker, journalist, and editor. His son Arn (Aharon; 1899–1973) was a prolific poet, fiction writer, …
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Zhidachov-Komarno Hasidic Dynasty
Galician Hasidic dynasty that flourished in the late eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, during the third and fourth generations of Hasidism. Its tsadikim (lit., “righteous ones”), renowned for their esoteric learning a…
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Zionism after 1989
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Zionism and Zionist Parties
As a modern political movement, Zionism was created to achieve political independence for the Jewish people in the Holy Land. Although scholarly literature is divided about the exact origins of the movement, this summary…
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Zionism during the Holocaust
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Zionism in the Age of Empires, 1880–1897
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Zionism in the Cold War Era, 1944–1989
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Zionismus
Die jüdische Nationalbewegung des Z. entstand Ende des 19. Jahrhunderts. Ihr Ziel war, durch eine geistige und kulturelle Wiederbelebung des Judentums die Voraussetzungen für die Errichtung eines jüdischen Staates in Pal…
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Zjednoczenie
Assimilationist student group in Poland. Organized activity of groups of “assimilationist” Jewish students and academicians had taken place in the major cities of Congress Poland and Galicia as far back as the beginning …
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