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826 entity pages
Shpanyer Arbet
The decorative work known as shpanyer arbet has been translated as both “spun work,” derived from the Yiddish word shpinen, and as “Spanish work.” The latter fancifully implies a connection between shpanyer arbet and the…
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Shtern
The Workers’ Society for Physical Education “Shtern” traced its roots to a sports group known as Spartakus, which was established in Warsaw by the Labor Zionist youth organization Yugnt in 1920. In 1923, Spartakus united…
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Shtetl
The Yiddish term for town, shtetl commonly refers to small market towns in pre–World War II Eastern Europe with a large Yiddish-speaking Jewish population. While there were in fact great variations among these towns, a s…
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Shtrom, Der
Yiddish literary journal published in Moscow from 1922 to 1924. The Moscow School for Yiddish Printers, founded in 1922, issued all but the first February issue of Der shtrom (The Stream), which featured a cover designed…
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Siegfried Klein
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Social Conduct
East European Jewish civilization generated constantly evolving concepts of social conduct formed in relation to class, regional character, ideology, gender, and Jews’ relationships to non-Jews and non-Jewish culture. Th…
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Social Structure
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Social Structure and Domestic Politics
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Social, Religious, and Geographical Divisions
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Socialist and Revolutionary Periodicals
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Sofer Family
Hungarian Orthodox rabbinical family. Upon the death of Mosheh Sofer (Ḥatam Sofer, 1762–1839) of Pressburg (Bratislava), the community fulfilled his deathbed wish to have his eldest son, the 24-year-old Avraham Shemu’el …
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Soloveichik Family
The most prominent dynasty of rashe yeshivot (rectors of Talmudic academies) in modern times. This exceptional Lithuanian Misnagdic family has produced outstanding rabbinical scholars in every generation over the last tw…
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Songs and Songwriters
The notion of a Yiddish popular song is clearest in an example such as the 1947 hit “Rumenye” [listen to a recording] popularized on stage and through recordings and sheet music by a professional singer, with a text by a…
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Songs of the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries
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Sources of Funding, Collection, and Distribution
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Soviet and Post-Soviet Period
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Soviet Yiddish-Language Schools
During World War I, politically progressive elements among Polish Jewish refugees in Russia, together with local leaders, established a number of schools in which Yiddish was the language of instruction. In 1914, Russian…
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Soviet-Era Colonization
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Sozial- und Wohlfahrtswesen
Wie in allen jüdischen Gemeinden entwickelte sich auch in Hamburg bereits in der Frühen Neuzeit eine jüdische Wohlfahrt, die zunächst durch die Synagogen verwaltet wurde und – abgesehen von der Arbeit einiger Vereine wie…
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Sportcajtung
Yiddish-language sports periodical. The passion of a significant number of Jews in interwar Poland for organized sports was reflected in the pages of Sportcajtung (Sport News). Edited by L. Koprowicz and published in War…
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